Guides
Practical, technical guides for everything tokens. Each guide answers a specific question with worked examples and links to the relevant counter.
How many tokens are in...
- How many tokens are in a PDF?, page-level estimates for text PDFs, image PDFs, and the OCR catch
- How many tokens are in a word?, the rough heuristic and where it breaks
- How many tokens are in an image?, multimodal token math for GPT-4o, Claude, and Gemini vision inputs
- How many tokens are in a book?, worked estimates from short novels to multi-volume works
- How many tokens per page?, varies by font size and content density; here are the numbers
Pricing and cost
- What is the cheapest AI model?, current cheapest models across all providers, updated when pricing changes
- How much does GPT-4o cost per million tokens?, the math broken down
Comparisons
- Claude Opus 4.8 vs GPT-4o
- GPT-4o vs Claude Sonnet
- GPT-4o vs GPT-4o-mini
- Gemini 2.5 Flash vs Pro
- Claude Sonnet 4.5 vs GPT-4o-mini
- GPT-5 vs Claude Opus 4.8
- GPT-5 vs Gemini 3.1 Pro
- DeepSeek V3 vs GPT-4o-mini
- Llama 3.1 405B vs GPT-4o
- o3 vs Claude Opus 4.8
- Gemini 2.5 Pro vs Gemini 3.1 Pro
Reference
- Longest context window in 2026, current leaders ranked
- How to count tokens, programmatic options for each provider
- Methodology, how we count tokens, source pricing, and label confidence
- API docs, our own HTTP endpoints for token counting
- Pricing changelog, every pricing update logged with date